The Code of Xia

The code of xia (俠) can be likened to the Anglo-Saxon myth of Robin Hood. The hero of wuxia novels keeps his honor by upholding justice and helping the poor, just as Robin Hood is said to have robbed the rich to help the poor. A typical follower of xia would have considerable martial arts abilities that are are used not just for personal gain, but employed to achieve the greater good. However, just as Robin Hood was an outlaw, the swordsman may not necessarily submit to higher authority. When part of a larger group, the code of xia requires the the group to maintain social justice within the best of the group's abilities.

The code of xia is composed of two main virtues. Yi (義), which means "righteousness", and Xin (信), which means "honor". The code also emphasizes the importance of repaying benefactors after having received deeds of grace (恩) or favor from others, as well as seeking vengeance (仇) to bring villains to justice. However, the importance of vengeance is controversial, as a number of wuxia works stress Buddhist ideals, which includes forgiveness, compassion and a prohibition on killing.

In the Jianghu, most pugilists are expected to be loyal to their martial arts teacher or shifu (師父). This gave rise to the formation of several complex trees of teacher-student (master-apprentice) relations as well as the various sects such as Shaolin and Wudang. If there are any disputes between pugilists, they will choose the honorable way of settling their issues through fighting in duels. This is similar to the one-on-one sword duels adopted by Knights in Medieval Europe. Only two pugilists are involved in each duel and they are usually of the same level or status if they belong to any sect.

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